Epidemic typhus is passed from human to human by the body louse. 流行性斑疹伤寒是由体虱在人与人之间传播的。
When the hosts have a close affinity in taxonomy, the louse communities on their body surface would tend to be similar with the same or similar dominant louse species ( as observed in genus Rattus, Niviventer, Apodemus and Eothenomys). 在动物分类上近缘的小兽,其体表吸虱群落相似,优势虱种相同或相似,此情形尤其表现在鼠属、白腹鼠属、姬鼠属和绒鼠属。